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HomeSolar system UniverseAstronomy historyAstronomical distances and sizes |
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The most important “astronomers”: |
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Aristotle (384 BC - 322 BC) - Great Greek philosopher, considered one of the most important philosophers who ever lived. He studied many areas of human knowledge, and on astronomy, which advocated the geocentric - Earth is the center of the universe, and everything orbited around it.
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Aristarchus (310 BC - 230 BC) - Perhaps the oldest astronomer who believed in the heliocentric, where the Sun is in the center of the Universe.
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Claudius Ptolemy (83 - 161) - A great Roman philosopher who advocated the geocentric and Aristotle. Wrote the "Almagest" by organizing the knowledge of the Greeks and other peoples on astronomy.
http://www.crystalinks.com/copernicus.jpg Nicolaus Copernicus (1473 - 1543) – Polish that believed in the heliocentric. Began the work that Galileo and Kepler defend. Explained that the seasons happen due to axis tilt of the Earth.
http://www.giordanobruno.info/nolano/nolan_file/brahe.jpg Tycho Brahe (1546 - 1601) – Danish that made accurate observations in relation to the positions of stars and planets. His work served as basis for the studies of his pupil, Johannes Kepler.
http://br.geocities.com/geniosmundiais/galileu1.jpg Galileo Galilei (1564 - 1642) - Italian considered one of the most important physicists of modern science. Developed and used a refractor telescope to study the sky. He wrote books and contributed to changing paradigms in the Solar System and the Universe.
http://www.ph.surrey.ac.uk/astrophysics/files/Kepler.gif Johannes Kepler (1571 - 1630) - German Astronomer, disciple of Tycho Brahe. Kepler is based on data collected by his master. Defended the heliocentric and provided estimates for the preparation of his 3 laws about planetary motion, known as the Laws of Kepler.
http://www.pas.rochester.edu/~cline/P235W/IsaacNewton-1689.jpg Isaac Newton (1643 - 1727) - English physicist who studied in addition to science and astronomy, also mathematics and physics. He wrote a book which is considered the most important scientific work of all time, "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), or simply, Principia. He formulated three major laws on bodies in motion, and a very important law, which is Newton's law of gravitation, in which two bodies of any mass separated by a distance attract up to each other by gravity.
http://www.mlahanas.de/Physics/Bios/images/AlbertEinstein.jpg Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955), revolutionized the way of seeing the world. By publishing the theory of relativity, proved that space and time are not absolute.
http://www.fi.edu/learn/case-files/hubble/full/undated_hubble_portrait.jpg Edwin Hubble (1889 - 1953) - American astronomer who discovered that the Milky Way galaxy was not the only existing, but that there were other galaxies. Discovered that the universe is expanding because the galaxies are moving away. Their findings were important for cosmology. |
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The Wonderful World of Astronomy - ThinkQuest |
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